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Government and Defense Careers

Explore 48 career paths in the Government and Defense industry. Compare salaries, AI risk, and future demand to plan your career transition.

48 Roles
9.0 Avg Demand
17% Avg AI Risk
48 Remote-Friendly
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Safety Systems Engineer

An AI Safety Systems Engineer designs, builds, and maintains the technical guardrails, monitoring systems, and alignment mechanism…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $130,000-$230,000/yr
Machine learning fundamentals including transformer architectures, fine-tuning, and inference pipelinesAI alignment techniques such as RLHF, Constitutional AI, and reward modelingRed teaming and adversarial testing of language models and multimodal systemsPrompt injection detection, jailbreak prevention, and input/output sanitization +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Grounding Systems Engineer

AI Grounding Systems Engineers architect and optimize the pipelines that connect large language models to verified, real-world kno…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$195,000/yr
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture and pipeline designVector database management and embedding optimization (indexing, chunking strategies, hybrid search)Knowledge graph construction, querying (Cypher/SPARQL), and entity resolutionPrompt engineering for faithful context incorporation and source attribution +8
AI Engineering Intermediate

AI Deployment Automation Engineer

An AI Deployment Automation Engineer bridges the gap between machine learning development and production-grade systems, designing …

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $110,000-$195,000/yr
CI/CD pipeline design for ML artifacts and prompt chainsContainer orchestration with Kubernetes and Docker for inference workloadsInfrastructure as Code (Terraform, Pulumi) for AI infrastructure provisioningLLM deployment patterns including model sharding, quantization, and batching +8
AI Engineering Expert

AI RLHF Systems Engineer

An AI RLHF Systems Engineer designs, builds, and optimizes reinforcement learning from human feedback pipelines that align large l…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $160,000-$290,000/yr
Deep understanding of reinforcement learning fundamentals (policy gradients, PPO, DPO, KTO)Reward model design, training, and evaluation for preference dataLarge-scale distributed training with multi-GPU / multi-node orchestrationPreference data collection pipeline design including annotation quality assurance +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Hallucination Mitigation Engineer

An AI Hallucination Mitigation Engineer specializes in detecting, measuring, and reducing confabulated or factually incorrect outp…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $130,000-$210,000/yr
LLM behavior analysis and failure-mode taxonomyPrompt engineering and adversarial prompt craftingRetrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture and tuningAutomated evaluation pipeline design (reference-based and reference-free metrics) +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Red Team Engineer

An AI Red Team Engineer systematically probes, attacks, and stress-tests AI systems-especially large language models-to uncover vu…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $130,000-$260,000/yr
Adversarial prompt engineering and jailbreak design for LLMsDeep understanding of transformer architectures, tokenization, and attention mechanismsPython proficiency for scripting attack pipelines and model instrumentationRed-team methodology: scoping, rules of engagement, threat modeling, and reporting +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Adversarial Testing Engineer

An AI Adversarial Testing Engineer specializes in systematically probing, stress-testing, and breaking AI systems to uncover vulne…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $130,000-$220,000/yr
Adversarial ML techniques (FGSM, PGD, C&W, backdoor attacks, data poisoning)LLM red-teaming: prompt injection, jailbreaking, indirect prompt injection, system prompt extractionPython programming for building custom attack tooling and automation scriptsML model evaluation and interpretability (SHAP, LIME, attention analysis) +8
AI Legal & Compliance Advanced

AI Data Breach Response Specialist

An AI Data Breach Response Specialist leads the investigation, containment, and regulatory reporting of security incidents involvi…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$210,000/yr
AI threat modeling for LLMs, RAG pipelines, and agentic architecturesIncident response lifecycle management (NIST SP 800-61r2 adapted for AI systems)Digital forensics on model artifacts, vector databases, embeddings, and inference logsGlobal data breach notification law (GDPR Art. 33/34, CCPA, LGPD, PIPL, SEC rules) +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Cybersecurity Analyst

AI Cybersecurity Analysts defend AI systems, machine learning pipelines, and LLM-powered applications against adversarial attacks,…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $105,000-$185,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning - crafting and defending against adversarial examples, data poisoning, and model inversion attacksLLM security - prompt injection, jailbreaking, system prompt leakage, and output manipulationAI red teaming - systematic evaluation of model robustness using frameworks like Microsoft PyRIT, Garak, and Anthropic's red-team toolingSecure ML pipeline design - securing data ingestion, feature stores, training jobs, and inference endpoints +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Attack Surface Analyst

An AI Attack Surface Analyst systematically discovers, classifies, and prioritizes vulnerabilities across an organization's entire…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$210,000/yr
AI/ML threat modeling using frameworks like MITRE ATLAS and OWASP Top 10 for LLMsPrompt injection and jailbreak technique design and detectionLLM application architecture review (RAG pipelines, agent chains, tool-use flows)Adversarial ML attack execution including model extraction, data poisoning, and membership inference +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Vulnerability Assessment Specialist

An AI Vulnerability Assessment Specialist systematically identifies, tests, and documents security weaknesses in machine learning …

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 25%
Salary $125,000-$210,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning fundamentals (evasion, poisoning, extraction, inference attacks)LLM application security: prompt injection, jailbreaking, data exfiltration via context manipulationThreat modeling for AI systems using frameworks like ATLAS (MITRE) and OWASP Top 10 for LLMsPython proficiency for writing custom exploit scripts, model fuzzing, and automation +8
AI Security & Trust Expert

AI Red Team Specialist

AI Red Team Specialists systematically probe, attack, and stress-test AI systems-especially large language models-to uncover vulne…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $140,000-$280,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning fundamentals (evasion, extraction, poisoning, inference attacks)LLM architecture internals (transformer attention, tokenization, alignment techniques like RLHF/DPO)Prompt injection and jailbreak methodology (direct, indirect, multi-turn, multi-modal vectors)OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications and emerging AI security standards +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Cloud Security Specialist

AI Cloud Security Specialists protect machine learning workloads, LLM APIs, model artifacts, and data pipelines running in cloud e…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $125,000-$210,000/yr
Cloud IAM and least-privilege policy design for AI workloads (AWS IAM, Azure AD, GCP IAM)Container and Kubernetes security for ML model serving (image scanning, network policies, Pod Security Standards)LLM application security - prompt injection detection, output filtering, jailbreak preventionData pipeline security - encryption at rest and in transit, secrets management, data lineage tracking +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Security Operations Automation Engineer

An AI Security Operations Automation Engineer designs, builds, and maintains intelligent automation pipelines that leverage large …

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$195,000/yr
Python scripting and automation (asyncio, API integrations, data pipelines)Security Operations Center (SOC) workflows - triage, escalation, incident response lifecycleSIEM and log analytics (Splunk, Elastic SIEM, Microsoft Sentinel, Chronicle)SOAR platform development and playbook authoring (Tines, Palo Alto XSOAR, Shuffle) +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Privileged Access Management Specialist

An AI Privileged Access Management Specialist governs who-and what-can access sensitive AI systems, model weights, training data, …

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $125,000-$210,000/yr
Privileged Access Management architecture and policy designZero-trust identity governance for AI systems and agent frameworksSecrets management and API key lifecycle orchestrationFine-grained authorization (RBAC, ABAC, PBAC) for model access and data pipelines +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Security Compliance Specialist

An AI Security Compliance Specialist ensures that AI systems, models, and data pipelines meet regulatory, ethical, and security st…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $125,000-$220,000/yr
AI risk assessment and threat modeling (STRIDE, LINDDUN for ML)EU AI Act compliance mapping and gap analysisNIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF) implementationISO/IEC 42001 AI Management System auditing +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Risk & Controls Automation Specialist

An AI Risk & Controls Automation Specialist designs, builds, and operates automated guardrails, monitoring systems, and compliance…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $105,000-$245,000/yr
AI threat modeling and adversarial risk assessment for LLM and classical ML systemsPolicy-as-code authoring (OPA/Rego, YAML-based guardrail definitions, compliance-as-code)LLM output evaluation pipeline design - toxicity, hallucination, PII leakage, and jailbreak detectionPython automation for security controls (API integrations, custom scanners, CI/CD hooks) +6
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Secure Deployment Engineer

An AI Secure Deployment Engineer safeguards the full lifecycle of AI systems-from model packaging and container orchestration to p…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $130,000-$240,000/yr
Prompt Injection Detection and MitigationML Model Security (adversarial robustness, model extraction defense, data poisoning prevention)Secure API Gateway Configuration for AI Services (rate limiting, token budgets, auth flows)Container and Kubernetes Security for GPU Workloads +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Network Security Automation Specialist

An AI Network Security Automation Specialist designs, implements, and manages intelligent systems that autonomously detect, preven…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $120,000-$195,000/yr
Network protocol analysis (TCP/IP, DNS, HTTP/S)Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR)Machine Learning for anomaly detection (e.g., Isolation Forest, Autoencoders)Threat intelligence integration and enrichment +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Responsible Disclosure Specialist

An AI Responsible Disclosure Specialist identifies, documents, and coordinates the ethical reporting of vulnerabilities, safety fa…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $120,000-$210,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning attack methodologies and taxonomyPrompt injection, jailbreak, and LLM-specific vulnerability discoveryCoordinated Vulnerability Disclosure (CVD) process design and executionTechnical report writing for security disclosures and advisories +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Critical Infrastructure Protection Specialist

AI Critical Infrastructure Protection Specialists safeguard the AI systems embedded within essential services - energy grids, wate…

Demand 9.2/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$210,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning and robustness testing (evasion, poisoning, extraction attacks)Industrial control system (ICS/SCADA) security fundamentals and OT network segmentationAI model threat modeling using frameworks like MITRE ATLAS and NIST AI RMFSecure ML pipeline design: data provenance, model signing, artifact integrity verification +8
AI Operations & Logistics Advanced

AI Fleet Management AI Specialist

An AI Fleet Management AI Specialist orchestrates, monitors, and optimizes entire portfolios of AI models, agents, and automated s…

Demand 9.1/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $125,000-$210,000/yr
AI model lifecycle management (deployment, versioning, retirement, rollback)Multi-model orchestration and traffic routing across LLM and ML endpointsInfrastructure cost optimization for GPU, TPU, and API-based inference workloadsReal-time monitoring, alerting, and observability for AI system health +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI API Security Specialist

AI API Security Specialists protect the critical interfaces between AI models and the applications, users, and systems that consum…

Demand 9.1/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $125,000-$210,000/yr
API authentication and authorization design (OAuth 2.0, API keys, mTLS, JWT)Prompt injection detection and mitigation techniquesOWASP API Security Top 10 and LLM-specific threat frameworksRate limiting, quota management, and abuse detection for inference endpoints +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Identity & Access Management Specialist

An AI Identity & Access Management Specialist designs, implements, and governs the authentication, authorization, and privilege fr…

Demand 9.1/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $120,000-$210,000/yr
Identity protocol mastery (OAuth 2.0, OIDC, SAML 2.0, SCIM, JWT/JWK lifecycle)AI agent identity modeling - defining machine principals, service accounts, and agent personasPolicy-as-code authoring using OPA/Rego, AWS Cedar, or HashiCorp SentinelZero-trust architecture design for AI pipelines and multi-agent systems +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Role-Based Access Control Specialist

An AI Role-Based Access Control Specialist designs, implements, and governs granular permission frameworks that determine who-or w…

Demand 9.1/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$195,000/yr
Identity and Access Management (IAM) architecture for cloud-native and AI-native systemsRole-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC), and policy-based access control designAI/ML pipeline security: model registry permissions, training data access governance, inference endpoint controlsPolicy-as-code authoring using OPA/Rego, AWS IAM policy language, and Azure RBAC definitions +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Endpoint Protection Specialist

An AI Endpoint Protection Specialist safeguards the critical perimeter where AI systems meet the outside world - securing model in…

Demand 9.1/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $115,000-$195,000/yr
Adversarial machine learning attack vectors - prompt injection, jailbreaking, model extraction, data poisoningAPI gateway hardening and semantic request validation for inference endpointsInput/output content filtering with classifier-based and policy-based approachesRate limiting, token budget enforcement, and abuse detection on LLM endpoints +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Retrieval Systems Engineer

An AI Retrieval Systems Engineer designs, builds, and optimizes the search and retrieval pipelines that power Retrieval-Augmented …

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $100,000-$230,000/yr
RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) architecture design and end-to-end pipeline constructionVector database management, indexing strategies, and query optimizationEmbedding model selection, evaluation, and domain-specific fine-tuningDocument processing, parsing, and intelligent chunking across diverse formats +8
AI Engineering Intermediate

AI Evaluation Engineer

AI Evaluation Engineers design, build, and operate the measurement infrastructure that determines whether AI systems actually work…

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $95,000-$175,000/yr
Designing evaluation metrics and benchmark suites for LLM and generative AI outputsPython proficiency for writing evaluation scripts, data pipelines, and scoring harnessesStatistical analysis including hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and inter-rater reliabilityPrompt engineering for automated evaluation and synthetic test-case generation +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Long-Context Systems Engineer

An AI Long-Context Systems Engineer designs and builds production systems that exploit large context windows (128K-10M+ tokens) in…

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $145,000-$280,000/yr
Long-context prompt architecture and dynamic context budgetingTransformer attention mechanics and the lost-in-the-middle problemChunking, hierarchical summarization, and document segmentation strategiesToken economics: cost modeling, caching, and budget-aware routing +8
AI Legal & Compliance Advanced

AI Licensing Agreement Specialist

An AI Licensing Agreement Specialist is a hybrid legal-technical professional who drafts, negotiates, and manages licensing agreem…

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 25%
Salary $85,000-$195,000/yr
AI model licensing frameworks (Apache 2.0, MIT, RAIL, BigScience BLOOM, OpenRAIL)Intellectual property law fundamentals - copyright, trade secrets, patents as they apply to AI outputsData licensing and provenance - training dataset rights, synthetic data ownership, web-scraping legalityContract drafting and negotiation for technology agreements +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Model Robustness Tester

AI Model Robustness Testers are specialized security professionals who systematically probe, stress-test, and evaluate machine lea…

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $95,000-$195,000/yr
Adversarial attack methods (PGD, FGSM, C&W, AutoAttack, GCG for LLMs)ML model evaluation and benchmarking under distribution shiftPython programming for ML pipelines and custom attack developmentThreat modeling for AI/ML systems (STRIDE adapted for ML, ATLAS framework) +8
AI Security & Trust Advanced

AI Phishing Detection Specialist

An AI Phishing Detection Specialist designs, trains, and deploys machine learning and NLP-based systems that identify phishing ema…

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $95,000-$175,000/yr
Natural Language Processing for email and message body analysisBinary and multi-class text classification using transformer modelsFeature engineering from email headers, URLs, and domain metadataHandling imbalanced datasets with SMOTE, focal loss, and stratified sampling +8
AI Security & Trust Intermediate

AI Security Awareness Training Designer

AI Security Awareness Training Designer is an emerging hybrid role that blends cybersecurity pedagogy with deep fluency in modern …

Demand 9.0/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $95,000-$165,000/yr
AI threat landscape analysis including prompt injection, data poisoning, and model extractionInstructional design methodologies (ADDIE, SAM, Bloom's Taxonomy) applied to security educationPhishing and social engineering simulation design incorporating AI-generated contentLarge language model fundamentals including tokenization, alignment, jailbreaking, and RLHF +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Local LLM Engineer

An AI Local LLM Engineer specializes in deploying, optimizing, and maintaining large language models that run entirely on local or…

Demand 8.7/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $110,000-$195,000/yr
LLM architecture fundamentals - transformer internals, attention mechanisms, KV-cache behaviorModel quantization - GPTQ, AWQ, GGUF, INT4/INT8, smooth-quant, and quality-impact tradeoffsInference engine configuration - vLLM, llama.cpp, TensorRT-LLM, text-generation-inference (TGI)Hardware profiling and optimization - GPU memory management, CUDA tuning, CPU SIMD, Apple Metal, NPU acceleration +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Benchmark Engineer

An AI Benchmark Engineer designs, builds, and maintains rigorous evaluation frameworks that measure the real-world performance of …

Demand 8.7/10
AI Risk 25%
Salary $130,000-$220,000/yr
Statistical evaluation design (sampling, confidence intervals, effect sizes)Python-based evaluation harness development (pytest, custom frameworks)LLM prompt engineering for automated evaluation and gradingBenchmark dataset curation, versioning, and contamination detection +8
AI Data & Analytics Advanced

AI Synthetic Data Engineer

An AI Synthetic Data Engineer designs, generates, and validates artificial datasets that replicate the statistical properties of r…

Demand 8.7/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $95,000-$210,000/yr
Synthetic data generation using GANs, VAEs, and diffusion modelsStatistical distribution comparison and fidelity evaluation (KS tests, MMD, correlation matrices)Privacy-preserving data techniques including differential privacy and k-anonymityTabular data synthesis with tools like SDV (CTGAN, TVAE, CopulaGAN) +8
AI Operations & Logistics Intermediate

AI Supplier Risk Analyst

An AI Supplier Risk Analyst evaluates and mitigates risks arising from third-party AI vendors, cloud AI providers, open-source mod…

Demand 8.7/10
AI Risk 15%
Salary $95,000-$165,000/yr
AI vendor due diligence and assessment frameworksThird-party risk management (TPRM) methodology adapted for AIAI/ML model lifecycle understanding (training, inference, fine-tuning, deployment)Regulatory compliance mapping (EU AI Act, NIST AI RMF, ISO 42001, GDPR) +8
AI Operations & Logistics Intermediate

AI Asset Lifecycle Manager

An AI Asset Lifecycle Manager governs every AI artifact an organization creates or consumes - models, datasets, prompt templates, …

Demand 8.7/10
AI Risk 25%
Salary $105,000-$175,000/yr
AI/ML model registry management and version controlDataset provenance tracking and data lineage documentationCost optimization for inference, training, and storage across cloud providersAI model licensing, copyright, and open-source compliance +8
AI Engineering Advanced

AI Speech Recognition Engineer

An AI Speech Recognition Engineer designs, builds, and optimizes systems that convert spoken language into text and actionable dat…

Demand 8.5/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $120,000-$210,000/yr
Deep Learning (PyTorch/TensorFlow)Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) theory (CTC, RNN-T, AED)Signal Processing & Audio Feature Extraction (MFCCs, Spectrograms)Natural Language Processing (NLP) for language modeling +6
AI Data & Analytics Intermediate

AI Data Annotation Quality Specialist

An AI Data Annotation Quality Specialist ensures that labeled datasets feeding machine learning models meet rigorous accuracy, con…

Demand 8.5/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $72,000-$138,000/yr
Annotation guideline design and versioning for multi-class and subjective labeling tasksInter-annotator agreement measurement using Cohen's Kappa, Fleiss' Kappa, and Krippendorff's AlphaStatistical process control for annotation quality (control charts, defect rate tracking)Bias and fairness auditing in labeled datasets (demographic parity, equalized odds) +8
AI Operations & Logistics Intermediate

AI Cross-Docking Specialist

An AI Cross-Docking Specialist designs, operates, and optimizes real-time pipelines that receive outputs from one AI system-models…

Demand 8.5/10
AI Risk 20%
Salary $95,000-$165,000/yr
Multi-model orchestration and DAG-based workflow designAPI integration and schema negotiation across heterogeneous AI servicesReal-time data transformation and format mapping (JSON, Protobuf, Avro)Latency optimization and SLA-driven pipeline engineering +8